OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diodes) have been in the media for a while now and for good reason. They promise some significant advantages over current LCD and Plasma HDTV displays.
So what are the advantages of OLED displays?
Very Bright Display - OLED pixels emit light directly as opposed to LCDs which filter a backlight. OLED peak luminance is 600 cd/m2 (Samsung) vs 450 cd/m2 for LCD
Wider Viewing Angle- there is no color shift of dimming at even extreme angles.
Superb Contrast - contrast ratio is a large determinant of picture quality and OLED displays have huge contrast ratios (1,000,000:1) for great detail in even the darkest scenes
Deep Blacks - OLED displays do not require a backlight which delivers very deep blacks.
Wide Color Range - for more lifelike images (color gamut of 107% NTSC - Samsung)
Faster Response Time - is essential for accurate reproduction of fast onscreen action (sports or gaming) without blurring. OLED can have a response time of less than 0.01 ms compared to a "fast" LCD speed of 4 ms.
Thin and Light Weight - OLEDs are an order of magnitude thinner (one third of LCD) and lighter (about 40 percent) than current LCD and Plasma displays. OLED = Portable.
Low Power Consumption - OLEDs are more efficient, environmentally friendly and far cheaper to run (about half of LCD).
Flexibility - it's possible to have specially formed displays for special purposes (think roll-up displays for cell phones)
So why are there no large OLED HDTVs on the shelves yet?
Manufacturing costs are still higher (about 2x) than for LCD and Plasma HDTVs. Manufacturers won't be offering products until they are certain the public will be willing to pay the price for an OLED.
LCD manufacturing plants required a heavy investment which needs to be repaid. It takes time to make a switch to a new technology (OLED) with very different manufacturing requirements.
Achieving a satisfactory life time (durability) for OLED has been a challenge for manufacturers - particularly for larger displays and for the color blue. Uniformity of the picture display over time is a significant problem. Sony's XEL-1 has a rated life span of about 30,000hrs (you will likely notice picture degradation before this though) which is about half that for an LCD HDTV.
Improved sealing of displays is required as water ingress can damage or destroy OLCD (organic) materials.
The global financial meltdown.
When am I likely to be able to purchase a 40 inch OLED HDTV?
Sony actually began to sell limited numbers of their first OLED TV, the 11 inch XEL-1, in November 2007 for some ,500 each.
It's expected that Panasonic may have a 37 inch OLED HDTV on sale some time in the next three years.
In October 2008 Samsung revealed the largest (40 inch) Full HD resolution (1920 x 1080 pixels) OLED HDTV so far. Samsung have stated, unfortunately, that they only have assembly lines capable of producing OLED HDTVs up to 31 inches at the moment. Samsung haven't committed to a date when a 40 inch HDTV will be available commercially, believing OLED has some technology and cost hurdles to jump yet. 2011 might be a reasonable expectation.
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